Smoking marijuana causes more damage to cells and DNA than smoking tobacco, scientists say. Credit: Wikimedia
BOSTON: Marijuana smoke harms cells and DNA more than tobacco smoke does, while tobacco causes more intensive damage to chromosome structure, new research reports.
The study highlights the risks of marijuana, which are not as well known as those from smoking tobacco, said the authors, led by Rebecca Maertens a scientist with Canadian government research body Health Canada in Ottawa, Ontario. Their work is published in the August issue of the journal Chemical Research in Toxicology.
Genetic damage
“It is clear that this information does not support the misconception popular among youth that marijuana is safer than cigarettes,” said Gary Holub a spokesperson for Health Canada.
Like tobacco, marijuana has been associated with respiratory problems such as chronic bronchitis. But neither marijuana plant extracts nor THC, the main psychoactive component of marijuana, have been definitively linked to lung cancer.
Establishing the exact risks of smoking marijuana has been difficult, the experts said, because most study subjects have also smoked tobacco.
The new study exposed bacterial and animal cells in the laboratory to smoke condensates, which are mixtures produced by dissolving filtered smoke particles. The mixtures were prepared in two different ways, one representing damage from smoking directly, the other from passive smoking.
Cell death
The researchers found that marijuana smoke caused different types of genetic damage than tobacco smoke. Marijuana condensates were more likely to kill the cells or cause DNA damage. In contrast, tobacco condensates were more likely to change the structure of chromosomes within the cells.
Maertens’ team is continuing their cellular studies to determine the underlying reasons for these different responses. “Such work will help us better understand the potential health hazards of marijuana smoke exposure,” Holub said.
Wayne Hall, a public health professor and cannabis expert at the University of Queensland, in Australia, said the study confirms earlier evidence that marijuana smoke can produce mutations in genetic material.
However, the researchers did not show if those mutations are cancer causing, he said. “They do not enable us to estimate the magnitude of the risk.”
Jonathon Arnold, a pharmacologist at the University of Sydney who studies cannabis, added that the study will have a limited impact on the debate over marijuana use because it used cells, not human subjects.
However, he said the findings show that cannabis might be more damaging to the lungs than tobacco, but less likely to cause respiratory cancers. This could be because marijuana smoke is more likely to kill cells, he said. “As the cells are dead, they cannot progress to becoming cancerous through chromosomal damage.”
Arnold is the co-author of another marijuana study slated for publication in The British Journal of Pharmacology. It addresses the question of why ex-marijuana users sometimes test positive for the drug long after they stop using it.
Reintoxication
The study showed that stress or food deprivation – conditions that promote the breakdown of fat in the body – cause stored THC to re-emerge into the bloodstream. The researchers called this phenomenon “reintoxication.”
In their study, Arnold’s team treated rats with THC daily for 10 days. Two days later, one third of the rats were injected with a stress hormone (ACTH), while one third were food deprived for 24 hours. The other rats served as controls.
The ACTH-treated rats doubled their THC blood levels, which put them in a “range where a large proportion of humans show cognitive and motor impairment,” Arnold said. The food deprived rats showed a doubled level of THC-acid, a metabolite of THC.
Positive drug tests
If this phenomenon carries over into humans, stress and extreme weight loss could be the reason behind ex-marijuana users’ positive drug tests. “This reintoxication could theoretically lead to a cannabis flashback,” Arnold said.
Next, the researchers will conduct human studies to determine whether reintoxication can cause a psychoactive effect or functional impairment.
Those future studies will be important to prove this either way, said Wayne Hall, who was not involved in the research. “It remains to be seen whether these effects can be replicated in humans.”
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I love how they neglect to explain how eating marijuana causes no bodily or cell damage. Propaganda at its finest.
Are you suggesting we smoke more and think less?
Uhh what? What is the ratio of people that eat marijuana to those that smoke it? I would bet a lot of money that it is smoked much more than it is eaten. Also, you’re claiming proof of a negative. We can’t know that eating marijuana causes no damage, though if no studies find a link we can start to think it likely, but regardless we can never know that eating marijuana does not do any damage.
All things cause harm if used in excess. Too many peanuts may poison you with cyanide(eg). My point is… don’t overdo anything. I believe nothing is bad for you, in the right quantities…, but how much? Maybe a drop will kill one, perhaps benefit another…Maybe??? We must decide for ourselves, each for their own, with RESPECT- for oneself and all others.
Marijuana damages cells BUT it seems to fight some kinds of cancer. The smoke is possibly dangerous (duh, have you seen how it makes people cough? The lungs don’t like it) BUT vaporizers and eating eliminate that risk. People don’t usually eat or vaporize it? First, pot is expensive, thanks to prohibition, hence smoking is the most cost-effective delivery method; second, vaporizers are hard to come by, thanks to prohibition (equipment sellers are in constant danger of arrest, despite legal uses for their product, simply because they can also be used [and, to be honest, more likely are] for marijuanan. SO prohibition makes marijuana MORE dangerous, and as a side effect prevents every human being from being able to take advantage of its cancer-preventing benefits. Win-win.
BTW, I’m a non-user.
People prefers smoking pot to eating pot because they can titrate the dose better. One can do this vapor, too, and bipass all the physiological side-effects of smoke.
This research is absolutely biased and this article is pure propangda. Anyone with even moderate intelligence can see that.
For example, this study predicts a higher incidence of genetic mutation among high-consumption (smoking AND inhaling) such as the Rastafarians and certain hashish cultures in the middle east. Easily testable hypothesis! Is this true? Did they even check? or are they holding out for more sugardaddy money, er, sorry, I mean federal funding money?
I don’t care which way this goes, but shoddy unfinished science really shouldn’t get airtime in the media, or if it does, then it ALL should, the bigfoot, the harry potter timespace portals, string theory, oh … wait … yes, I see your point. Never mind.
I think pot I grow pot I eat pot I smoke pot I pot a lot but my name aint pol pot
Don’t bogart that joint my friend,
pass it over to me.
And roll another one,
just like the other one.
How many more millions of dollars will squandered trying to prove a politically moot point.
I think the community et al has generally accepted that if the negative health effects of tobacco and alcohol can be and are being completely ignored and overlooked (globally) in favour of vast government excise revenues, then there can’t possible justification for the demonisation of the softer recreational drugs.
What G20 economy could balance it’s budget without booze and smokes, so why not top it up a bit with ‘pot excise’ as well. And look at all the jobs we would save in the tobacco industry when Phillip Morris gears to supply tailor made joints.
Please stop assaulting the expired equines and try thinking outside of the box. We’re all going to die anyway so you chose your poison and I’ll chose mine and we’ll both die happy.
Denis
People are likely to smoke a lot more tobacco cigarettes in a day than they are joints in a day. By volume smoked, the marijuana is likely to do less damage than tobacco smoke.
Pure propaganda. Another ‘Reefer Madness’.
What a load of crap.
Does anyone actually believe this?
Prohibition=fail
Live like it’s legal.
Well, it’s already been proven that it increases risk for psychosis, mental disorder, schizofrenia significantly.
Of all countries, it’s the Netherlands, where it is legal, that been educating and warning people for this in the past year or two.
Let me add, that the reason why ‘soft drugs’ is legal here, is NOT because it’s considered harmless, but as a strategy to better educate and CONTROL, as everyone agrees it’s undesirable junk, and may I add, smells terrible within a mile radius.
It may have medical benefits as anesthetic of some sort, but I’m sure there are much better and healthier alternatives. Only thing hennep is good for, is make ropes and clothes, as far as I’m concerned.
Chee(r)s,
Fonz
I believe it. Legalizing marihuana, as here in the Netherlands, is a strategic means to educate and control, plus generates a lot of tax income. If you want to be paranoid (for which chances actually significantly increase if you’re a user), explain to me how this is in the interest of a government to keep it illegal there, if not for health reasons?
You can argue whether keeping it illegal is a better strategy to control and reduce its use, or not, but no question about it, Marihuana is detremental to your mental and physical health with no benefits, except alledged pain relief, for which there are much better and healthier alternatives.
Dutchman
P.S. about 20% here tried marihuana, where it is legal, versus more than 40% in the USA. Do you know why? Because we’re better educated about the facts, and they only confirm it’s damaging effects.
Thanks for the chuckle–personally, I’m gonna do both, smoke more & think less.
What? It’s legal there to educate whom, how & in what topic? And control? How? by having the populace stoned & therefore under control? or It’s legal, the government can control the what? the usage? the quality?
btw, it’s not “alleged” pain relief. I’m in severe 24/7 pain & have been for 30 years, nsaid’s eat up the digestive tract & cause bleeding, opioids can(!) cause addiction (90+% of chronic pain folks on “addictive” pain meds do NOT get addicted to their meds per a USA gov study about 12 yrs ago. I use a combo of Rx pills, legal alcohol (livers hangin’ in, thank you very much) and illegal (here) pot daily (lungs are great, and apparantly so are my genes, apparantly. With out the pot, well, life is more painful with less sleep.
Want to know why marijuana is illegal in the USA? Watch Woody Harrelson’s marijuana documentary–here’s a surprise, its all about the politics & economy at the time it was first made illegal (wanted a way to keep the pot smokin’ mexicans out of our country wee need the labor jobs for our own citizens). Then it became about some over-testosteroned lawmen-in-politics types not being able to admit “we” (he & his US Gov.) were wrong–way! wrong.
Legalize it, tag it, bag it, tax it.
So many persons seem to like MJ to mellow out. In fact the serotonin family of meds (ie Lexapro) achieves that result much more effectively and much more safely. The apathy of MJ is not produced by the serotonin meds. Marv
Ahem…This research and supposed evidence is extremely misleading, ALL smoke inhalation whether form cigarettes, marijuana or from being in fire cases cell damage and often cell death (particularly in the case of inhalation from smoke from a fire).
The issue of most “teens” having the erroneous conclusion that marijuana is safer than tobacco is not erroneous at all when looking at the fact that the teens are using the criteria that marijuana doesn’t give you cancer whereas tobacco does, in that case they are perfectly correct in their assumptions.
Secondly, the supposed memory loss and arrest of learning ability seems to be exclusive to when the subject is under the influence of the drug not when the “high” is over.
Additionally, ALL drugs are toxic if the does is high enough, hell pop enough Tylenol and you can go into cardiac arrest, so the lack of information containing the dosage seen for the single cells and the rodents is also potentially misleading.
As to the issue of fat reserves, well any chemical or hormone that is ingested will be at least partially reserved in your fat cells, thus the recommendations ladies of when you go off the pill that it can take up to at least 6 months (or longer) for you to get pregnant because the hormone is storeed in your fat cells and gradually released.
Finally, as for the “flashbacks” there has never been a documented case of anyone, ever, having a marijuana mental state flashback, EVER! Of course as pointed out this does not mean that you can not test positive for it if you have experienced significant weight loss due to the fat cell storage as mentioned above. But it does not mean that you’ll suddenly for no reason start feeling high.
At any rate always question the sources and the facts found in magazine article or newspapers, their “findings” are often misleading and omit important details
This guy, on the other hand, can’t even get the name of the magazine right …
I don’t imagine the risks are that great with a volcano vaporizer. Please correct me if i’m wrong?
The two most important symptoms of marijuana abuse are memory loss and… uh… what was I saying?
Or it could be a miss-type.
From one doctor to another….
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GJmQ16cGBHU
Dr. Donald Tashkin has done a unbiased study for all to see.
Enjoy!
It’d be more convincing if they were to discourage illegal Marijuana by giving, accurate, reasonable facts instead of exaggerating the negative effects.
I hate how these officials can use the excuse that something is “bad for you” to make that illegal. Cannabis is not nearly as detrimental to one’s health as this article suggests and for those who want to be healthy there are indeed many alternate options for consumption such as vaporizers and edibles. Regardless of this fact, even if cannabis was extremely harmful to the body (tobacco) that is no right to make it illegal. It does not effect society if a person chooses to disrupt his or her personal existence with the use of harmful substances. Furthermore, making a naturally growing substance illegal is just absurd in every way, its all just the powerful trying to tell everyone else how to behave. The illegality of cannabis is simply a bridge to the distopia of Oceania described by George Orwell in 1984.
I love how there’s no mention of the actual filtration method, and that not all the smoke condences how else could you exhale any? Also, having your DNA broken is one thing, definantly cell death, but having it mutated is a whole different monster, it’s not broken, it’s replaced and the dna is then free to divide and copy that mutated DNA, that’s cancer, not cell death. Also what exactly qualifies and first or seccond hand smoke after youve condenced it into a liquid?
OK all you mutants..
the word “might” gets used a bit.
but then, it “might not”.
we are all waiting for the human trials.. I volunteer.!!!
BTW, marijuana THC stays stored in the fat cells for about a month .. didn’t anybody tell the researchers ..there “might” just be a very good reason for that .. if the body is stressed & it releases THC from fat cells, that could actually , or “MIGHT actually” be a good thing.
stupid, very stupid pointless research, that “MIGHT” just be a waste of time. nothing factual , evidence based or scientific ,,
that argument applies to absolutely everything though…
The study was on the effects of smoking and the condensates from smoking, so unless you swallow your doobies, the study kept to its topic. They couldn’t really mention it because they didn’t study it. It wouldn’t be right to say either way in a summary of results if it wasn’t part of the study. My best hypothesis: If someone’s body or cells absorbs whatever chemicals are created by digesting marijuana and it goes into the cells, it is possible that some genetic damage could occur. Feel free to design a study to test it.
Harvard had studies in the 90′s about how consuming thc oil kills cancer cells through a process of programed sucide
I’ve smoked weed/tobacco for 10yrs and am in the process of stopping smoking. I think tobacco should be avioded like the plague, but cannabis not. Smoking any substance will be harmful on the lungs (the organs are there for oxygen). But I honestly can’t see any physical negatives of eating cannabis all day every day. Psychologically, cannabis can cause harm potentially.
My personal conclusion, don’t smoke ANYTHING and consuming cannabis by eating is physically risk free.
Why are these scare tactics still going on? I am so disgusted. What they failed to mention: Marijuana seems to shrink tumors and prevents/kills cancer. It has so many health benefits; the further you go down the rabbit hole of the truth which is totally 180 degrees opposite of what we’ve been brainwashed to believe, the more surreal it becomes. So this is a warning. Some people can’t handle the truth. So if you are one of those people stop here.
What business does our government have owning this patent while it wages war on marijuana still? –
http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6630507.PN.&OS=PN/6630507&RS=PN/6630507
well said
First of all you are born with these diseases. Second of all, while the amount of weed smokers has skyrocketed over the last sixty years, the amount of people with these disorders has remained constant. Third of all correlation does not imply causation. just because a correlates with b, does not mean that a causes b. Numerous studies have shown that the speed of progression of the symptoms in people that do smoke weed is no different from those that dont. Just face it the numbers just do not add up. If the risk is so high then why is that people are not going crazy by the time they are 20. Another reason why this association is made is because people whos symptoms are begining to manifest tend to self- medicate their symptoms with cannabis. Also the majority of them that do this report that the weed help ease their symptoms. So before you post things, fully research it first and then analyze fully.
yrocketed
German people!
National Socialists!
After long months when I was forced to keep silent, despite heavy concerns, the time has come when I can finally speak openly.
When the German Reich received England’s declaration of war on 3 September 1939, the British attempted once again to frustrate any attempt to begin a consolidation, and thus a strengthening, of Europe by fighting the then strongest power on the Continent.
England formerly destroyed Spain through many wars.
For the same reason it waged its wars against Holland.
With the help of all of Europe it later fought France.
And around the turn of the century, it began to encircle the German Reich and it began the World War in 1914.
Germany was defeated in 1918 only because of its inner disunity. The results were terrible. After first hypocritically declaring to be fighting only against the Kaiser and his regime, they began the systematic destruction of the German Reich after the German army had laid down its arms. As the prophecy of a French statesman, who had said that there were twenty million Germans too many, began to be fulfilled through starvation, disease, or emigration, the National Socialist movement began building the unity of the German people, thereby preparing the rebirth of the Reich.
This new revival of our people from poverty, misery, and shameful contempt was a sign of a pure internal rebirth. England was not affected, much less threatened, by this. Nonetheless, it immediately renewed its hateful policy of encirclement against Germany. Both at home and abroad, we faced the plot we all know about between Jews and democrats, Bolshevists and reactionaries, all with the same goal: to prevent the establishment of a new people’s state, to plunge the Reich again into impotence and misery.
The hatred of this international world conspiracy was directed not only against us, but also against those peoples who also had been neglected by Fortune, who could earn their daily bread only through the hardest struggle. Italy and Japan above all, alongside Germany, were almost forbidden to enjoy their share of the wealth of the world. The alliance between these nations was, therefore, only an act of self-defense against a threatening, egotistical world coalition of wealth and power.
As early as 1936, according to the testimony of the American General Wood to a committee of the American House of Representatives, Churchill had said that Germany was becoming too strong again, and that it therefore had to be destroyed.
In summer 1939, England thought that the time had come to renew its attempts to destroy Germany by a policy of encirclement. Their method was to begin a campaign of lies. They declared that Germany threatened other peoples. They then provided an English guarantee of support and assistance, next, as in the World War, let them march against Germany.
Thus between May and August 1939, England succeeded in spreading the claim throughout the world that Germany directly threatened Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia, Finland, Bessarabia, and even the Ukraine. Some of these nations allowed themselves to be misled, accepting the promises of support that were offered, and thereby joined the new attempt to encircle Germany.
Under these circumstances, I believed that I was called by my conscience, and by the history of the German people, to assure not only these nations and their governments that these British accusations were untrue, but also to reassure the strongest power in the East through formal declarations that our interests did not conflict.
National Socialists!
You probably all felt that this was a bitter and difficult step for me. The German people have never had hostile feelings toward the peoples of Russia. During the last two decades, however, the Jewish-Bolshevist rulers in Moscow have attempted to set not only Germany, but all of Europe, aflame. Germany has never attempted to spread its National Socialist worldview to Russia. Rather, the Jewish-Bolshevist rulers in Moscow have constantly attempted to subject us and the other European peoples to their rule. They have attempted this not only intellectually, but above all through military means.
The results of their efforts, in every nation, were only chaos, misery, and starvation.
I, on the other hand, have tried for two decades to build a new socialist order in Germany, with a minimum of interference and without harming our productive capacity. This has not only eliminated unemployment, but also the profits of labor have flowed increasingly to working people.
The results of our policies are unique in all the world. Our economic and social reorganization has led to the systematic elimination of social and class barriers, with the goal of a true people’s community.
It was, therefore, difficult for me in August 1939 to send my minister to Moscow to attempt to work against Britain’s plans to encircle Germany. I did it only because of my sense of responsibility to the German people, above all in the hope of reaching a lasting understanding and perhaps avoiding the sacrifice that would otherwise be demanded of us.
With the exception of Lithuania, Germany declared that those areas and nations were outside Germany’s political interests. There was a special provision in the case that England succeeded in inciting Poland into war against Germany. But here, too, German claims were moderate, and in no relation to the accomplishments of German arms.
National Socialists!
The results of the treaty, which I sought in the interests of the German people, were particularly severe for Germans living in the affected nations.
Over half a million German people’s comrades — all of them small farmers, craftsmen, and workers — were forced, almost overnight, to leave their former homes to escape a new government that threatened them with vast misery, and sooner or later, with complete extermination (Ausrottung).
Even so, thousands of Germans disappeared! It was impossible to learn what had happened to them, or even where they were. More than 160 of them were men holding German citizenship.
I kept silent about all this, because I had to keep silent! My wish was for final agreement with this state, and if possible a lasting settlement.
But even during our march into Poland, in violation of the treaty, the Soviet rulers suddenly claimed Lithuania.
The German Reich never intended to occupy Lithuania, and never made any such demand on Lithuania. To the contrary, it turned down the request by the Lithuanian government to send German troops there, since that did not correspond to the goals of German policy.
Nonetheless, I accepted this new Russian demand. But that was only the beginning of ever new demands.
The victory on Poland, gained exclusively by German troops, gave me the occasion to extend a new offer of peace to the Western powers. It was rejected by the international and Jewish warmongers.
The reason was that England still hoped to mobilize a European coalition against Germany that would include the Balkans and Soviet Russia.
Those in London decided to send Ambassador Cripps to Moscow. He has clear orders to improve relations between England and Soviet Russia, and to develop them along lines England wanted. The English press reported on the progress of his mission, as long as they were not silent for tactical reasons.
The first results were evident in fall 1939 and spring 1940. Russia justified its attempts to subject not only Finland, but also the Baltic states, by the sudden false and absurd claim that it was protecting them from a foreign threat, or that it was acting to prevent that threat. Only Germany could have been meant. No other power could enter the Baltic Sea, or wage war there. I still had to remain silent. The rulers of the Kremlin continued.
Consistent with the so-called friendship treaty, Germany removed its troops far from its eastern border in spring 1940. Russian forces were already moving in, and in numbers that could only be seen as a clear threat to Germany.
According to a statement by Molotov, there were already 22 Russian divisions in the Baltic states in spring 1940.
Although the Russian government always claimed that the troops were there at the request of the people who lived there, their purpose could only be seen as a demonstration aimed at Germany.
As our soldiers attacked French-British forces in the west, the extent of the Russian advance on our eastern front grew ever more threatening.
In August 1940, I concluded that, given the increasing number of powerful Bolshevist divisions, it was no longer in the interests of the Reich to leave the eastern provinces, so often devastated by war, unprotected.
This, however, is exactly what the British and Soviets had hoped. The fact that so much of the German forces, in particular the air force, was tied down in the east made it impossible for the German leadership to bring a radical end to the war in the West.
This was the goal of both British and Soviet Russian policy. Both England and Soviet Russia wanted to prolong this war as long as possible in order to weaken all of Europe and plunge it into ever greater impotence.
Russia’s threatened attack on Rumania was intended not only to take over an important element in the economic life not only of Germany, but of Europe as whole, or at least to destroy it.
With boundless patience, the German Reich attempted after 1933 to win over the southeastern European states as trading partners. We, therefore, had the greatest possible interest in their domestic stability and order. Russia’s entrance into Rumania and Greece’s ties to England threatened to rapidly transform this area into a general battleground.
Despite our principles and customs, and despite the fact that the Rumanian government had brought on these troubles itself, I urgently advised them, for the sake of peace, to bow to Soviet extortion and cede Bessarabia.
The Rumanian government, however, believed that it could justify this step to its own people only if Germany and Italy in return guaranteed the security of its remaining territory. I did this with a heavy heart. When the German government gives a guarantee, it will stand by it. We are neither English nor Jewish.
I thus believed that I had saved peace at the last moment, even if at the cost of a heavy obligation. To reach a final resolution of these problems and to clarify Russian intentions toward the Reich, as well as under the pressure of steadily increasing mobilization along our eastern border, I invited Mr. Molotov to come to Berlin.
The Soviet foreign minister demanded further clarification from Germany on the following four questions:
Molotov’s first question:
Does Germany’s guarantee for Rumania in the event of an attack mean war with Russia in the event of an attack Soviet Russia?
My answer:
The German guarantee is broad and obligates us absolutely. Russia has never told us that it has any interest in Rumania outside Bessarabia. The occupation of northern Bukowina was already a violation of this assurance. I therefore do not believe that Russia could have any further claims on Rumania.
Molotov’s second question:
Russia feels itself threatened by Finland again. Russia is unwilling to tolerate this. Is Germany ready to provide no support for Finland, and above all to withdraw the German troops in Kirkenes?
My answer:
As in the past, Germany has no political interests in Finland. However, the German government cannot accept a new Russian war against the tiny Finnish people, particularly since we could never believe that Finland threatens Russia. However, we do not want war in the Baltic Sea.
Molotov’s third question:
Is Germany willing for Soviet Russia to provide a guarantee to Bulgaria, and to send Soviet-Russian troops to Bulgaria for this purpose — although he (Molotov) wished to say that they did not have the intention of removing the king.
My answer:
Bulgaria is a sovereign state, and I did not know that, just as Rumania had asked for a German guarantee, Bulgaria has asked for one from Soviet Russia. I would also have to discuss the matter with my allies.
Molotov’s fourth question:
Soviet Russia absolutely requires free passage through the Dardanelle, and also demands, for its protection, several important positions on the Dardanelle or along the Bosporus. Is Germany willing to agree to this or not?
My answer:
Germany is ready at any time to agree to changes in the Statute of Montreux that benefit the Black Sea states. Germany is not willing to approve Russian bases on the straights.
National Socialists!
I behaved as the responsible leader of the German Reich, but also as a responsible representative of European culture and civilization.
The result was an increase in Soviet Russian activity against the Reich, above all the immediate beginning of efforts to subvert the new Rumanian state and an attempt to use propaganda to eliminate the Bulgarian government.
With the help of confused and immature people, the Rumanian Legion succeeded in organizing a coup that removed General Antonescu and plunged the nation into chaos. By removing legal authority, they also removed the grounds for Germany to act on its guarantee.
Still, I believed it best to remain silent.
Immediately after this enterprise collapsed, there was a new increase in Russian troops along the German eastern border. Increasing numbers of tank and parachute divisions threatened the German border. The German army, and the German homeland, know that until a few weeks ago, there was not a single German tank or motorized division on our eastern border.
If anyone needed final proof of the carefully hidden coalition between England and Soviet Russia, the conflict in Yugoslavia provided it. While I was making a last attempt to keep peace in the Balkans, and in agreement with the Duce invited Yugoslavia to join the Three Power Pact, England and Soviet Russia organized a coup that toppled the government that was ready for such an agreement.
The German people can now be told that the Serbian coup against Germany was under both the English and Soviet Russian flags. Since we were silent, the Soviet Russian government went a step further. Not only did they organize a Putsch, but signed a treaty of friendship with their new lackeys a few days later that was intended to strengthen Serbia’s resistance to peace in the Balkans, and turn it against Germany. It was no platonic effort, either.
Moscow demanded that the Serbian army mobilize.
Since I still believed that it was better not to speak, the rulers of the Kremlin took a further step.
The German government now possesses documents that prove that, to bring Serbia into the battle, Russia promised to provide it with weapons, airplanes, ammunition, and other war material through Salonika.
That happened at almost the same moment that I was giving the Japanese Foreign Minister Dr. Matsuoka the advice to maintain good relations with Russia, in the hope of maintaining peace.
Only the rapid breakthrough of our incomparable divisions into Skopje and the capture of Salonika prevented the realization of this Soviet Russian-Anglo-Saxon plot. Serbian air force officers, however, fled to Russia and were immediately welcomed as allies.
Only the victory of the Axis powers in the Balkans frustrated the plan of involving Germany in battle in the southeast for months, allowing the Soviet Russian armies to complete their march and increase their readiness for action. Together with England, and with the hoped for American supplies, they would have been ready to strangle and defeat the German Reich and Italy.
Thus Moscow not only broke our treaty of friendship, but betrayed it!
They did all this while the powers in the Kremlin, to the very last minute, hypocritically attempted to favor peace and friendship, just as they had with Finland or Rumania.
I was forced by circumstances to keep silent in the past. Now the moment has come when further silence would be not only a sin, but a crime against the German people, against all Europe.
Today, about 160 Russian divisions stand at our border. There have been steady border violations for weeks, and not only on our border, but in the far north, and also in Rumania. Russian pilots make a habit of ignoring the border, perhaps to show us that they already feel as if they are in control.
During the night of 17-18 June, Russian patrols again crossed the German border and could only be repelled after a long battle.
Now the hour has come when it is necessary to respond to his plot by Jewish-Anglo-Saxon warmongers and the Jewish rulers of Moscow’s Bolshevist headquarters.
German people!
At this moment, an attack unprecedented in the history of the world in its extent and size has begun. With Finnish comrades, the victors of Narvik stand by the Arctic Sea. German divisions, under the command of the conqueror of Norway, together with the heroes of Finland’s freedom and their marshal, defend Finnish soil. On the Eastern Front, German formations extend from East Prussia to the Carpathians. From the banks of the Pruth River, from the lower Danube to the Black Sea, German and Romanian soldiers are united under state leader Antonescu.
The purpose of this front is no longer the protection of the individual nations, but rather the safety of Europe, and therefore the salvation of everyone.
I have therefore decided today once again to put the fate of Germany and the future of the German Reich and our people in the hands of our soldiers.
May God help us in this battle
http://www.calvin.edu/academic/cas/gpa/hitler4.htm
FUCK
1930s – 100,000 pot smokers
2011 – 30,000,000 pot smokers
Corresponding incredible rise in cancer, schizophrenia, DNA damage?
Doubt it
Marijuana may be less damaging than thought
Its not going to hurt you. you dumb motherfuckers. god made it smoke it and be happy you little fucking bitches.
There are countless studies that marijuana actually reduces and helps fight against cancer. A man even went as far as giving his child cannabis at the age of 2 when he had a fatal brain cancer. How in the hell can you deny it has no benefits when that child is completely cancer free right now? Just complete ignorance.
If you want to be a complete idiot believing everything that you are told instead of learning yourself that is fine, but don’t blatantly ignore the real facts.
Another huge topic that is never covered unlike tobacco and alcohol which is very hard to take in any other safe forms, cannabis has many safe alternatives that use no carcinogenic smoke what so ever. That is literally the main reason people still say cannabis is bad for your health because they stupidly assume everyone in the world “Smokes it.”
Firstly you do not even spell marijuana correct yet you are so willing to talk about it as if you have done extensive research from all sides of the fence yourself which you haven’t, if you had I think spelling marijuana would be pretty easy for you.
Yea but lets let tobacco and alcohol be legal, as if that has no affects on your health at all. Pure stupid remarks, just like this retarded article.
Your education system has nothing at all do with the fact of why its abused more in the US. The only reason it’s abused more in the US is simply because no one has a choice. You do, when people are given more choices and outlets which the US restricts in almost every way they have more opportunities to make the right choices and decisions.. It reduces abuse of all kinds even things that have nothing to do with drug use.
For instance people will say having Brothels in American is disgusting and out right inhumane? Really its funny that every place that has these outlets has a extremely huge decrease in horrible criminal acts involving sexual abuse like rape but yea when the US has probably the largest Porn industry in the world right now with girls selling sex on video endlessly… What in the hell is the difference? There is none.
No. there isn’t better alternatives, please list them since you are so educated. My mother has nerve damage and you know what kind of pain killers they give her? they are by far the worst and most addicting damaging drugs imaginable. It’s beyond ridiculous you are even making claims yet you cant even describe any of these alternatives because trust me i can list a huge amount of some of the most rarest and most expensive alternatives around and guess what they are all far worse than cannabis could ever be or ever dream of being.
They even sell high level pain killers called Marinol, this is a synthetic THC pill. So how does THC have no benefits to health or in your case an “alleged” pain killer when the fucking US uses it right now just as that? I am sorry but whoever has been educating you must be completely dumb founded when its come to real prescription medication versus cannabis.
I’ll go on since you can’t name a damn thing considerable as a real alternative. My mom went through so many horrible prescription alternatives I highly doubt you have even heard of half of them, another being which she is on right now fentanyl, this is literally the strongest opiate on the planet… over 100x stronger than any heroin you could illegally buy.. So wow something as bad as heroin being used as medication??? Are you going to tell me it has no benefits also because the label attached to heroin and the facts lying within it show its beyond horrible for your overall health but sadly its the only thing keeping my mom alive without dealing with massive pain for the rest of her life.
Plus tobacco is far more horrible than cannabis period yet you don’t even bother to mention the fact the US sells products that literally tell you, you can get cancer from using it. You are claiming they actually care about our health by keeping it illegal.. When things like this exist.. sure that makes plenty of sense…
Money is the only reason its illegal. Money, greed and this type of ignorance right here is why. On top of the fact the US justice system is so corrupt that it is tied into drug cartels. Guess what the number one selling crop from Mexican cartels is in the US? Marijuana, so its no wonder there is so much nonsense surrounding this practically harmless drug which is by far more harmless than the prescription pills being handed out to kids these days like candy.. Xanax being a perfect example and the countless number of opiate related pills kids are getting subscriptions to and abuse.
You sir need to learn more, clearly you are not as educated as you claim you are. I much rather live in a world where people have freedom of choice of what actually makes sense rather than a bunch of lies put out for hidden agendas and the fact alcohol and tobacco are far worse and widely accepted by everyone just shows that sense of ignorance the world is shrouded in.
I pray for your sake you open your mind someday because what I read was extremely idiotic and close minded literally spewing out everything that was shoved down your throat as a child.
Like I said the only reason your country has lower crime rates in all of the above cases I mentioned is simply because you all have a choice to make decisions. Here in the US all our choices are made by our government. They would rather have children making teaching other children by getting it illegally and without the proper knowledge. So for fuck sakes I am not saying cannabis isn’t bad for you in any way, taking any drug has side effects but there is a fine line to be crossed when way more harmful things are being sold by the ass load everyday without thought or any real solutions as to why these things are sold and they are just as dangerous while being far more harmful.
It’s been proven by many scientist and doctors alike that cannabinoids actually do cure many forms of cancer. You are honestly lying to yourself denying the people who are trying to tell the real truth that it actually does, because they were using it at the time to help remedy their cancers issues amazingly none of these people have cancer at all anymore.
Not to say you cant get rid of cancer with other methods but I am pretty sure taking cannabis oil over extensive list of prescription drugs while going through chemo is far safer and better for your overall health in the end.. Please don’t even try to trump me on cancer information also because one of my best friends had cancer herself and I had to watch and feel the pain she went through going through all that trouble and taking all those unnecessary drugs.
If people would just stop being stupid like this and actually advance in what cannabinoids really can achieve I think it would be amazing to see the amount of benefits they could come out with because the benefits are real and already exist now whether you choose to be in denial about the facts is up to you.
Sorry for being a total ass to you but you really pissed me off because I know first hand the truth because I live and experience the benefits everyday, not just for myself but my mother and one of my best friends. What can you say other than its what you were told?
People told me Europe was going down hill and this seems to be a perfect example of that. Its sad when the places you live are some of the safest in the world yet you still choose to be ignorant to the real facts that lay beyond what you were told even your government is going to change policies and I can’t wait for you all to become like this shitty ass country I live in called America, then you will see how screwed up everything really is.
It’s also very odd they didnt teach you Marijuana has no long term affects on your health. Unlike other legal drugs sold that do, any damage done by cannabis your body can easily heal with time even the affects it has on the brain. Alcohol and Tobacco are not that safe, they cause long term physical damage to you and massive unrecoverable damage to your brain.. Yet no one could give a shit about making those illegal simply because of the empire its built and the money it makes.
That comes back to greed which you should see is the only problem just like gasoline should not even exist anymore let alone should we be be pulling tons of oil out of the earth every year, these companies with all their money.. instead of making advances for the betterment of society and the well being of humanity as a whole is not a option to them because they aren’t willing to pave a better future they are only willing to reap the money from the future they will probably never change until it’s too late. That comes with ignorance and pure greed.
There used to be a time where people cared about each other and actually cared about making the world a better place, now the only thing anyone cares about is making more money.
It is truly pathetic that even in this age of society, we still let history repeat itself over and over again.
Even our founding fathers knew this day would come. Quote by Thomas Jefferson.
“If the people let government decide
what foods they eat and what medicines they take,
their bodies will soon be in as sorry a state
as are the souls of those who live under tyranny.”
stupid and fake and go die
stfu lol
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